Peptide neurotoxin; selectively and reversibly blocks N-type calcium channels (IC50 = 0.15 nM). Reduces (RS)-3,5-DHPG -induced long term depression in vivo.

inhibitor of the reverse mode of Na+/Ca2+ exchange (NCX)

D-myo-Inositol-1,3,4,5-tetraphosphate (Ins(1,3,4,5)-P4) is formed by the phosphorylation of Ins(1,4,5)P3 by inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate 3-kinase. Ins(1,3,4,5)-P4 increases intracellular calcium levels by two distinct mechanisms: opening calcium channels on both the endoplasmic reticulum to release calcium from internal stores and on the plasma membrane to allow the influx of calcium from outside the cell.

ent-(+)-verticilide is an effective and specific inhibitor of cardiac ryanodine receptor (RyR2) calcium release channels, demonstrating antiarrhythmic properties. It suppresses RyR2-mediated diastolic Ca2+ leak and shows greater potency and a unique action mechanism compared to Dantrolene and Tetracaine. ent-(+)-verticilide serves as a valuable tool for exploring the therapeutic potential of addressing RyR2 hyperactivity in cardiac and neurological conditions [1].

piCRAC-1 is a powerful inhibitor of the photoinducible Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channel. It effectively alleviates thrombocytopenia and hemorrhage [1].

4-Bromo A23187 is a halogenated analog of the calcium ionophore A-23187. 4-Bromo A23187 is a calcium modulator and induces apoptosis in different cells.

Calcicludine是Dendroaspis angusticeps产毒蛋白，针对高电压激活的calcium channel（特别是L型）有抑制作用，IC50为88 nM，影响兴奋性突触传递。

ω-Conotoxin CVIA 为含27个氨基酸的神经肽毒素，作用为阻断电压敏感的钙通道（voltage sensitive calcium channels）。

MEM-1003, a calcium channel blocker, is used potentially for the treatment of bipolar disorders.